Even if correlation is not causation
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A very common fallacy exploited by people from all walks of life is to show a correlation between two variables and claim that one is the consequence of the other. For example, there may be a correlation between sunglasses sales and icecream sales. However, no one would believe that people are buying sunglasses because they got an icecream.
Another very interesting discussion is what happens when there is a correlation between variables that shouldn't be there. This is something that happens a lot when studying human development, inequality, etc.
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