Patents can limit the positive externalities of research products
The interaction of patents and research is complex and perhaps under-studied. Under the premise that Knowledge is a positive externality, it can be argued that patents limit the extent of that externality (only to those who can sign a licensing deal, for example).
The report on research exceptions for patents in different OECD countries ([[literature/@dent2006Research Use of Patented Knowledge]]) sheds some light on how these challenges are tackled, both from an economic perspective as well as from a legal framework.
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Aquiles Carattino
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